Criminal Responsibility for Premeditated Murder (Study of Decision No. 174/PID.B/2023/PN.SIT)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55885/jprsp.v6i2.815Keywords:
Criminal Responsibility, Premeditated Murder, Verdict Study, Article 340 Of The Criminal Code, Criminal Act, Planning, Intent, Court VerdictAbstract
Premeditated murder requires proof not only of an intentional deprivation of life but also of prior planning and the defendant’s capacity for criminal responsibility. This study examines the construction of criminal responsibility in Decision No. 174/PID.B/2023/PN.SIT, focusing on the fulfilment of the elements of premeditated murder, participation, evidentiary reasoning, and sentencing considerations. The study employed a normative juridical method using statutory and case approaches. Primary legal materials consisted of the Indonesian Criminal Code and the selected court decision, while secondary materials included relevant books, journal articles, and legal scholarship. The materials were analysed descriptively and qualitatively by mapping the facts and evidence against the elements of Article 340 in conjunction with Article 55 paragraph (1)(1) of the Criminal Code. The findings show that the defendant was legally and convincingly proven to have intentionally participated in a jointly planned killing. The court found that the defendant possessed the capacity for criminal responsibility and identified no justification or excuse capable of eliminating his culpability. Witness testimony, the defendant’s statements, and physical evidence collectively supported the findings of intention, participation, and prior planning. The court imposed 20 years’ imprisonment after considering the brutality of the conduct and the victim’s family’s suffering as aggravating circumstances, while the defendant’s admission, remorse, respectful conduct, and lack of previous convictions were treated as mitigating factors. The study concludes that criminal responsibility in jointly committed premeditated murder requires a clear evidentiary connection among individual participation, intention, prior planning, and culpability to ensure a legally certain and proportionate judgment.References
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